Diagnosis and Treatment of Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a chronic, widespread, debilitatingIndividual cases of fibromyalgia have a wide
disease that often manifests as diffuse pain,variability, but many patients also suffer from
constant muscle aches and overwhelming fatigue.other disorders as well. These comorbid
Although it affects about 2-6% of the generalsyndromes commonly include chronic clinical
population (about five million people), fibromyalgiadepression, lyme disease, chronic fatigue
is not a contagious disease. Women are about 9sydrome, premenstrual syndrome, restless legs
times more likely to be diagnosed than men, andsyndrome, spinal disorders, or hypothyroidism.
it is most prevalent in prevalent in peopleThere are also many factors that can aggravate
between 20-50 years of age.fibromyalgia. Severe weather changes, nutritional
Fibromyalgia usually displays a variety ofdeficiencies, over-exertion, increases in stress
symptoms including generalized aches and pains,levels, allergies and cold weather have all been
increased sensitivity of the skin, chronic fatigue,shown to contribute to flare-ups.
weakness or dizziness, muscle stiffness or jointTreatment of fibromyalgia has historically been
pain and migraine headaches. Symptoms ofinadequate at best. There is no cure for the
fibromyalgia vary greatly between individuals butdisease and therapies are usually aimed at
almost all suffer from an associated sleepalleviating the symptoms and improving quality of
disorder. Depression, anxiety, irritable bowelsleep. Medications commonly prescribed for
syndrome, numbness and tingling of thefibromyalgia include conventional analgesics,
extremities and heightened sensitivity to stimulilow-dose antidepressants, muscle relaxants and
may also be present.sleep-inducing agents. Alternative therapies that
Currently, there is no known specific cause ofhave shown some promise include acupuncture,
fibromyalgia. Popular opinion suggests a disorder inchiropractic care, physical therapy, meditation or
pain perception and processing in the pathways torelaxation techniques and a gentle aerobic
the brain. Research has shown that fibromyalgiaexercise program. Other important considerations
patients have elevated levels of substance Pto prevent fibromyalgia from flaring up include a
(involved with enhanced pain perception) and aregular sleep routine, emotional and physical stress
lower than normal production of natural stressreduction, good social support networks and
hormones. Another theory revolves around astrategies to conserve energy and minimize
sleep disturbance as the cause, because manytriggering factors.
fibromyalgia patients cannot attain deep sleep. StillFibromyalgia can be a very difficult disease to live
other theories have implicated reduced immunewith because of its chronic, disabling nature and
system function, environmental toxins, abnormalthe presence of widespread skepticism. There is
hormonal fluctuations, viral causes, genetic linksoften no objective evidence of physical illness and
and dysfunctional neurotransmitters. Althoughthe disease is very poorly understood. Sufferers
exciting new research is constantly being done,of fibromyalgia face accusations of laziness or
the cause of fibromyalgia remains elusive and hasfeigning illness. Social activity and recreation is
the medical world stumped.often be avoided and the patient's career is
Diagnosis of fibromyalgia is based on a specific setusually affected as well. Although fibromyalgia can
of criteria, including a physical examination oraffect every aspect of its victims' lives, it does
observation, and the symptoms described by thenot have to be as devastating as it once was.
patient. Ruling out other possible diseases is key.With advanced scientific research and promising
Currently, there are no conclusive laboratory testsnew treatments waiting in the wings, anything's
to identify fibromyalgia but for diagnosticpossible.
purposes, there has to be a history of diffuseDisclaimer - The information presented here
pain lasting longer than three months. Anothershould not be interpreted as or substituted for
diagnostic requirement is the presence of at leastmedical advice. Please talk to a qualified
11 "tender points" out of a possible 18 and theseprofessional for more information about
are typically located at elbow and knee joints, theFibromyalgia.
neck, shoulders, lower back and hips...