Fibromyalgia: What it is, How it's Diagnosed and How to Cope

yalgia syndrome or FMS is a disorder affectinghereditary or not is still unclear. People diagnosed
the musculoskeletal functions of the body andwith diseases like rheumatoid and spinal arthritis,
affects the soft, fibrous tissues - the ligaments,lupus and other diseases that attack the immune
tendons and the muscles. It comes from the Latinsystem are also more susceptible.
word 'fibro' referring to fibrous tissue and theCause
Greek words 'myo' for muscle and 'algia' for pain.There is no known single cause for FMS, but it
This chronic disorder is quite common and is oftenseems to be triggered by several things and
mistaken as a condition related to arthritis. Butevents, particularly extremely traumatic or
unlike arthritis, fibromyalgia does not cause jointstressful events that affect a person physically,
or tissue inflammation. However, like arthritis, it ismentally and emotionally, including illnesses and
a rheumatic condition and causes a lot of pain andaccidents.
feelings of fatigue.Some factors that may aggravate fibromyalgia
Symptomsinclude viral or bacterial infections, stress, anxiety,
Fibromyalgia is a syndrome and not a disease.depression, overwork, changes in hormonal
Meaning, it is a disorder characterized by severalfunctions like premenstrual condition or onset of
symptoms, including pain, fatigue, jointmenopause and changes in the weather.
dysfunction, chronic headaches, IBS or irritableDiagnosis
bowel syndrome and even sleep disorder.Once a doctor rules out other symptoms that
While some of these disorders may bemay overlap the syndrome, fibromyalgia may
experienced, they don't necessarily mean aonly be diagnosed by establishing two things: a
person has fibromyalgia. Pain, for example, musthistory of pain that lasts for at least 3 months
be widespread and felt in the four quadrants ofand pain located in at least 11 out of the 18
the body for at least three months before thedesignated tender points in the body.
possibility of fibromyalgia is considered.A patient must have experienced widespread pain
Other symptoms and associated syndromes thatin all four quadrants of his body and includes both
may be felt by a person with fibromyalgia are:left and right sides. He must also feel pain when
- morning joint stiffnesscertain standard sites on his body are pressed
- dysmenorrhea or painful menstrual period(pressure applied is usually 4 kgs).
- numbness in the extremitiesHow fibromyalgia is treated
- memory retention problemsA doctor may prescribe medication to ease the
- sensitivity to changes in temperaturepain of fibromyalgia, which might include analgesics,
- restless leg syndromeNSAIDS or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- TMJ or tempromandibular joint dysfunctionand if necessary, anti-depressants. He may also
syndromerecommend a lifestyle change and require the
- Irritable bladderpatient to undergo physical and occupational
- sensitivity to bright lights, odors and noisestherapy.
- muscle twitchingOther alternative therapies might also help some,
- dryness in the eyes and mouthbut not all, patients: massages, mild exercises like
Another thing to consider is that there are otherPilates, acupuncture, herbal medicines, supplements
chronic pains that a person may experience thatand chiropractic treatments.
may overlap with the symptoms of fibromyalgia,Getting the most help you can
including local tendonitis, low back pain, rheumatoidIt is very important to discuss fibromyalgia openly
arthritis, osteoarthritis and other pain syndromeswith your doctor. Don't be shy about asking for
related to trauma.more detailed information and discussing possible
Where the pain istherapies. Involving family members and friends
A routine physical examination will reveal that thewill also help to alleviate feelings of guilt and
patient will feel pain or discomfort when certaininadequacies. You will need your support group
areas of the body are subjected to pressure.when it comes to handling not only the physical
These specific 'tender points' are: the neckdemands of the disorder, but also the mental and
(including the nape), shoulders, chest, elbows, hip,emotional aspects.
the area just below and to the side of theUnderstand and accept that there might be some
buttocks and knees.situations that will test your limits - work
Who's susceptible and what causes it?demands, family issues, household tasks, even
According to the American College ofcomments from other people which can be
Rheumatology, fibromyalgia syndrome affects athurtful and embarrassing. Keep your self-esteem
least 1 in every 50 Americans, which translates tointact and do not let this disorder stop you from
about 6 million people, 85 to 90% of whom areachieving.
women. Most fibromyalgia sufferers are diagnosedLearn to keep a stronger, more optimistic
with it during their 50s or 60s.perspective of your disease by being informed,
Fibromyalgia is also more likely to appear in peopleready and keeping a network of friends and
(especially women) who have a relative whosupporters around you.
suffers from the disorder, although whether it's