| Congestive heart failure is an insidious opponent, | | | | of stress off of the lungs, heart and other organs. |
| possessing a slow onset that results in a patient | | | | This will also usually be accompanied by |
| often not even noticing they are having | | | | supplemental potassium, as the renal system will |
| symptoms. Over time the patient will suffer from | | | | remove potassium along with the excess fluid and |
| worsening dyspnea and edema that will eventually | | | | hypokalemia carries with it its own hazards. |
| drive them to seek treatment, where they will | | | | A great deal of attention in the field of medicine |
| discover that for whatever reason their heart is | | | | has been focused on the body's production of |
| no longer able to function properly. | | | | angiotensin II as it aggravates congestive heart |
| Heart failure occurs when the cells of the heart | | | | failure. Angiotensin II is a substance produced by |
| tissue are either destroyed or made | | | | the body which raises blood pressure and causes |
| non-functional due to another cardiac event, often | | | | the blood vessels to constrict, thereby forcing the |
| secondary to ischemic heart disease or coronary | | | | heart to work much harder to pump blood |
| artery disease. As a result, the heart is no longer | | | | throughout the body. An ACE inhibitor will often |
| able to pump the blood throughout the body | | | | be administered to prevent the body from |
| properly; instead the blood pools, resulting in fluids | | | | making angiotensin II, and an angiotensin receptor |
| being retained rather than excreted properly and | | | | blocker is available to those who do not respond |
| oxygen starved organs being unable to function. | | | | as desired to the ACE inhibitor. Many patients with |
| The death of these cells is critical because, like | | | | heart problems are given nitroglycerin for this |
| brain cells, once the cells of the heart die the | | | | reason. |
| body is unable to reproduce them and restore full | | | | Along with medicine, research into the field of |
| function to the heart. Congestive heart failure | | | | congestive heart failure is ongoing. The speculated |
| carries with it a high mortality rate, with over fifty | | | | use of stem cells, particularly embryonic stem |
| percent of its victims dying within five years of | | | | cells, has opened a whole field of debate for |
| being diagnosed. Doctors and researchers are able | | | | possible treatment of heart failure in the science |
| to use modern advancements in medicine to | | | | community. Patients with congestive heart failure |
| make the patient more comfortable and, in many | | | | were given some of their own stem cells in the |
| cases, to provide them with a more favorable | | | | heart via injection, and all reacted favorably. |
| prognosis. | | | | Scientists are unsure as to whether this is |
| Many patients do not even discover that they | | | | because the stem cells aid the body in growing |
| have suffered heart failure until they are brought | | | | new vessels or simply act as a lighthouse for the |
| into the Emergency Department of their local | | | | body's natural healing mechanisms, drawing other |
| hospital complaining of chest pain and difficulty | | | | cells to the site of the damage. Whichever the |
| breathing. Doctors will stabilize them there, giving | | | | case may be, stem cells present a fascinating |
| them supplemental oxygen and beginning a course | | | | opportunity to finally find a means by which to |
| of medicinal treatment that will carry them out of | | | | restore heart function to patients who have |
| the hospital. | | | | suffered heart failure. |
| Modern science has provided physicians with a | | | | Modern science is providing a whole new world of |
| wide array of methods with which to combat the | | | | treatment options to patients with congestive |
| damage done by congestive heart failure. Once | | | | heart failure, and researchers are making new |
| oxygen is returned to an acceptable level a | | | | discoveries all the time. It is the hope of all of |
| physician will usually administer a diuretic to | | | | those in the medical field that one day heart |
| stimulate the renal system to pull fluid out of | | | | failure will be another disease medicine has the |
| circulation, relieving the edema and taking a great | | | | answer to. |